This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Cummings, J. L. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Cummings, J. L. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Intellectual Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: Clinical, Pathologic, and Biochemical Correlates

Neurobehavior Unit, West Los Angeles VAMC (Brentwood Division), Department of Neurology, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA

The prevalence of overt dementia in 27 studies representing 4,336 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients was 39.9%. The studies reporting the highest incidence of intellectual impairment (69.9%) used psychologic assessment techniques, whereas studies identifying the lowest prevalence of dementia (30.2%) depended on nonstandardized clinical examinations. Neuro-psychologic investigations reveal that PD patients manifest impairment in memory, visuospatial skills, and set aptitude. Language function is largely spared. Intellectual deterioration in PD correlates with age, akinesia, duration, and treatment status. Neuropathologic and neurochemical observations demonstrate that PD is a heterogeneous disorder: the classic subcortical pathology with dopamine deficiency may be complicated by atrophy of nucleus basalis and superimposed cortical cholinergic deficits, and a few patients have the histopathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Mild intellectual loss occurs with the classic pathology, and the more severe dementia syndromes have cholinergic alterations or Alzheimer's disease. Thus, PD includes several syndromes of intellectual impairment with variable pathologic and neurochemical correlates. (J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1988;1:24-36).

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 24-36 (1988)
DOI: 10.1177/089198878800100106


CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				P Edison, C C Rowe, J O Rinne, S Ng, I Ahmed, N Kemppainen, V L Villemagne, G O'Keefe, K Nagren, K R Chaudhury, et al. Amyloid load in Parkinson's disease dementia and Lewy body dementia measured with [11C]PIB positron emission tomography J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2008; 79(12): 1331 - 1338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Brouwers, K. Nuytemans, J. van der Zee, I. Gijselinck, S. Engelborghs, J. Theuns, S. Kumar-Singh, B. A. Pickut, P. Pals, B. Dermaut, et al. Alzheimer and Parkinson Diagnoses in Progranulin Null Mutation Carriers in an Extended Founder Family Arch Neurol, October 1, 2007; 64(10): 1436 - 1446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Emre, D. Aarsland, A. Albanese, E. J. Byrne, G. Deuschl, P. P. De Deyn, F. Durif, J. Kulisevsky, T. van Laar, A. Lees, et al. Rivastigmine for Dementia Associated with Parkinson's Disease N. Engl. J. Med., December 9, 2004; 351(24): 2509 - 2518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Aarsland, E. Tandberg, J. P. Larsen, and J. L. Cummings Frequency of Dementia in Parkinson Disease Arch Neurol, June 1, 1996; 53(6): 538 - 542. [Abstract] [PDF]

				W. A. Marks, R. M. Shuman, R. W. Leech, and R. A. Brumback Cerebral Degenerations Producing Dementia: Importance of Neuropathologic Confirmation of Clinical Diagnoses J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, October 1, 1988; 1(4): 187 - 198. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Progression of Memory Impairment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, July 1, 1988; 1(3): 178 - 179. [PDF]