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Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
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A Comparison of Depressive Mood of Older Adults in a Community, Nursing Homes, and a Geriatric Hospital: Factor Analysis of Geriatric Depression Scale

Joji Onishi, MD

Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, j-onishi{at}med.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Yusuke Suzuki, MD, PhD

Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Hiroyuki Umegaki, MD, PhD

Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Hidetoshi Endo, MD, PhD

Department of Comprehensive Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan

Takashi Kawamura, MD, PhD

Kyoto University Health Service, Yoshida-honmachi, Kyoto, Japan

Akihisa Iguchi, MD, PhD

Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15 was used in 607 adults aged 65+ years living in a community, nursing homes, and a general hospital to explore characteristics of depressive mood in different care settings. Factor analysis of GDS-15 extracted 4 factors labeled unhappiness, apathy and anxiety, loss of hope and morale, and energy loss. The scale scores labeled unhappiness, apathy and anxiety, and loss of hope and morale were negatively correlated with the Barthel Index and the Mini-Mental State Examination scores. The results classified the depressive patterns into 2 types, one fitting the nursing home residents and the other fitting the hospital patients. The dominant factors of the nursing-home type were unhappiness and loss of hope and morale, and the hospital type was highly related with apathy and anxiety. The results indicate an extended utility of the GDS-15 for a deeper understanding of depressive mood in various care settings.

Key Words: depressive mood • Geriatric Depression Scale • factor analysis

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, Vol. 19, No. 1, 26-31 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0891988705284725
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