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Spatial Test for Agricultural Pesticide "Blow-In" Effect on Prevalence of Parkinson’s Disease

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, yesavage{at}stanford.edu

J. Sheikh, MD

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

A. Noda, MS

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

G. Murphy, MD, PhD

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

R. O’Hara, PhD

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

R. Hierholzer, MD

Central California Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Fresno, CA, and University of California at San Francisco

M. Battista, PhD

Central California Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Fresno, CA, and University of California at San Francisco

J. W. Ashford, MD, PhD

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA

B. Schneider, MD

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

J. Hoblyn, MD

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

H. C. Kraemer, PhD

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

J. Tinklenberg, MD

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

The current study used Department of Veteran’s Affairs (VA) clinical records, State of California pesticide application records, spatial maps of distribution of Parkinson’s disease patients, and pesticide applications to determine if there was evidence for "blow-in" of pesticides as a factor in explaining the prevalence of Central Valley Parkinson’s disease. The results did not support the hypothesis of increasing prevalence of Parkinsonism attributable to wind drift.

Key Words: Parkinson’s disease (Parkinsonism) • pesticides • amphibians • database

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