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Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, Vol. 20, No. 4, 227-238 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0891988707308806
© 2007 SAGE Publications

Cognitive-Behavioral Profiles of Neurodegenerative Dementias: Beyond Alzheimer's Disease

James A. Levy

Department of Neurology, Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, james.levy@hsc .utah.edu

Gordon J. Chelune

Department of Neurology, Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City

The neurocognitive and behavioral profiles of vascular dementia and vascular cognitive impairment, dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia, and dementia syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degenerations are compared and contrasted with Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Vascular dementia/vascular cognitive impairment is characterized by better verbal memory performance, worse quantitative executive functioning, and prominent depressed mood. Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia are equally contrasted with AD by defective processing of visual information, better performance on executively supported verbal learning tasks, greater attentional variability, poorer qualitative executive functioning, and the presence of mood-congruent visual hallucinations. The frontal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (frontotemporal dementia) differs from AD by better multimodal retention on learning tasks, different patterns of generative word fluency, defective qualitative executive functioning, and by markedly impairment of comportment. For temporal variants of frontotemporal lobar degenerations, progressive aphasia and semantic dementia, worse language performance relative to AD is typically characteristic. (J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2007;20:227-238)

Key Words: dementia • neurodegenerative • cognitive impairment • vascular • Lewy body • frontotemporal • Alzheimer • Parkinson's disease with dementia


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