SAGE Journals Online
Advertisement
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.

 

Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Advertisement

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Levy, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Chelune, G. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Levy, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Chelune, G. J.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
Medline Plus Health Information
*Alzheimer's Disease
*Degenerative Nerve Diseases
*Dementia
*Mental Health
*Genetics Home Reference
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Cognitive-Behavioral Profiles of Neurodegenerative Dementias: Beyond Alzheimer's Disease

James A. Levy

Department of Neurology, Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, james.levy@hsc .utah.edu

Gordon J. Chelune

Department of Neurology, Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City

The neurocognitive and behavioral profiles of vascular dementia and vascular cognitive impairment, dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia, and dementia syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degenerations are compared and contrasted with Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Vascular dementia/vascular cognitive impairment is characterized by better verbal memory performance, worse quantitative executive functioning, and prominent depressed mood. Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia are equally contrasted with AD by defective processing of visual information, better performance on executively supported verbal learning tasks, greater attentional variability, poorer qualitative executive functioning, and the presence of mood-congruent visual hallucinations. The frontal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (frontotemporal dementia) differs from AD by better multimodal retention on learning tasks, different patterns of generative word fluency, defective qualitative executive functioning, and by markedly impairment of comportment. For temporal variants of frontotemporal lobar degenerations, progressive aphasia and semantic dementia, worse language performance relative to AD is typically characteristic. (J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2007;20:227-238)

Key Words: dementia • neurodegenerative • cognitive impairment • vascular • Lewy body • frontotemporal • Alzheimer • Parkinson's disease with dementia

References

  • Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Bienias JL, et al. Alzheimer disease in the US population: prevalence estimates using the 2000 census. Arch Neurol 2003;60:1119-1122.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Welsh-Bohmer KA, Warren LH Neurodegenerative dementias. In: Attix DK, Welsh-Bohmer KA, eds. Geriatric Neuropsychology: Assessment and Intervention. New York: Guilford Press; 2006: 56-88.
  • Alpert B. Alzheimer's cure. Barron's. April 2, 2007:30-33.
  • Salmon DP, Thomas RG, Pay MM, et al. Alzheimer's disease can be accurately diagnosed in very mildly impaired individuals. Neurology 2002;59:1022-1028.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Perry RJ, Hodges JR Attention and executive deficits in Alzheimer's disease: a critical review. Brain 1999;122(pt 3): 383-404.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Swartz JR, Miller BL, Lesser IM, et al. Behavioral phenomenology in Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and late-life depression: a retrospective analysis. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1997;10:67-74.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Leys D., Englund E., Erkinjuntti T. Vascular dementia. In: Qizilbash N, Schneider L, Chui H, et al, eds. Evidence-Based Dementia Practice. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2003:260-287.
  • Tomlinson BE, Blessed G., Roth M. Observations on the brains of demented old people. J Neurol Sci 1970;11:205-242.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hachinski VC, Lassen NA, Marshall J. Multi-infarct dementia: a cause of mental deterioration in the elderly. Lancet 1974;2:207-210.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Chui H., Skoog I. Advances in vascular cognitive impairment 2005. Stroke 2006;37:323-325.[Free Full Text]
  • Hachinski V., Iadecola C., Petersen RC, et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke—Canadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards. Stroke 2006;37:2220-2241.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • McVeigh C., Passmore P. Vascular dementia: prevention and treatment. Clin Interv Aging 2006;1:229-235.
  • Selnes OA, Vinters HV Vascular cognitive impairment. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2006;2:538-547.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Skoog I. Subcortical vascular dementia. Clin Neuropsychol 2004;18:4-5.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hachinski VC The decline and resurgence of vascular dementia. CMAJ 1990;142:107-111.[Abstract]
  • O'Brien JT Vascular cognitive impairment. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2006;14:724-733.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Libon DJ, Price CC, Davis Garrett K, Giovannetti T. From Binswanger's disease to leukoariosis: what we have learned about subcortical vascular dementia. Clin Neuropsychol 2004; 18:83-100.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Bain LJ A review of the "state of the art" on mild cognitive impairment: the fourth annual conference. Alzheimer's Dementia 2006;2:246-256.
  • Filley CM The Behavioral Neurology of the White Matter. New York: Oxford Press; 2001.
  • Looi JC, Sachdev PS Differentiation of vascular dementia from AD on neuropsychological tests. Neurology 1999;53:670-678.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Gfeller JD, Rankin EJ The WAIS-R profile as a cognitive marker of Alzheimer's disease: a misguided venture? J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1991;13:629-636.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Mendez MF, Cherrier MM, Perryman KM Differences between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia on information processing measures. Brain Cogn 1997;34:301-310.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Padovani A., Di Piero V., Bragoni M., et al. Patterns of neuropsychological impairment in mild dementia: a comparison between Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Acta Neurol Scand 1995;92:433-442.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Villardita C. Alzheimer's disease compared with cerebrovascular dementia: neuropsychological similarities and differences. Acta Neurol Scand 1993;87:299-308.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cosentino SA, Jefferson AL, Carey M., et al. The clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia: a comparison among four classification systems and a proposal for a new paradigm. Clin Neuropsychol 2004;18:6-21.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Libon DJ, Bogdanoff B., Bonavita J., et al. Dementia associated with periventricular and deep white matter alterations: a subtype of subcortical dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1997;12: 239-250.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Erkinjuntti T. Differential diagnosis between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: evaluation of common clinical methods. Acta Neurol Scand 1987;76:433-442.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Starkstein SE, Sabe L., Vazquez S., et al. Neuropsychological, psychiatric, and cerebral blood flow findings in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Stroke 1996;27:408-414.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kertesz A., Hudson L., Mackenzie IR, Munoz DG The pathology and nosology of primary progressive aphasia. Neurology 1994;44:2065-2072.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kramer JH, Mungas D., Reed BR, et al. Forgetting in dementia with and without subcortical lacunes. Clin Neuropsychol 2004;18:32-40.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kramer JH, Reed BR, Mungas D., et al. Executive dysfunction in subcortical ischaemic vascular disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72:217-220.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Lamar M., Podell K., Carew TG, et al. Perseverative behavior in Alzheimer's disease and subcortical ischemic vascular dementia. Neuropsychology 1997;11:523-534.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lamar M., Price CC, Davis KL, et al. Capacity to maintain mental set in dementia. Neuropsychologia 2002;40:435-445.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Carlesimo GA, Fadda L., Bonci A., Caltagirone C. Differential rates of forgetting from long-term memory in Alzheimer's and multi-infarct dementia. Int J Neurosci 1993;73:1-11.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Loewenstein DA, D'Elia L., Guterman A., et al. The occurrence of different intrusive errors in patients with Alzheimer's disease, multiple cerebral infarctions, and major depression. Brain Cogn 1991;16:104-117.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Libon DJ, Bogdanoff B., Cloud BS, et al. Declarative and procedural learning, quantitative measures of the hippocampus, and subcortical white alterations in Alzheimer's disease and ischaemic vascular dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1998; 20:30-41.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Gainotti G., Parlato V., Monteleone D., Carlomagno S. Neuropsychological markers of dementia on visual-spatial tasks: a comparison between Alzheimer's type and vascular forms of dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychology 1992;14:239-252.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ricker JH, Keenan PA, Jacobson MW Visuoperceptual-visuospatial and visual memory in vascular dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Neuropsychologia 1994;32: 1287-1296.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cannata AP, Alberoni M., Franceschi M., Mariani C. Frontal impairment in subcortical ischemic vascular dementia in comparison to Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2002;13:101-111.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Reed BR, Mungas DM, Kramer JH, et al. Profiles of neuropsychological impairment in autopsy-defined Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease. Brain 2007;130:731-739.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Loring DW, Meador KJ, Mahurin RK, Largen JW Neuropsychological performance in dementia of the Alzheimer type and multi-infarct dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1986;1: 335-340.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Grossman M., D'Esposito M., Hughes E., et al. Language comprehension profiles in Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, and frontotemporal degeneration. Neurology 1996; 47:183-189.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kontiola P., Laaksonen R., Sulkava R., Erkinjuntti T. Pattern of language impairment is different in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Brain Lang 1990;38:364-383.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Royall DR, Lauterbach EC, Cummings JL, et al. Executive control function: a review of its promise and challenges for clinical research: a report from the Committee on Research of the American Neuropsychiatric Association. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002;14:377-405.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Carod-Artal FJ Are mood disorders a stroke risk factor? Stroke 2007;38:1-3.[Free Full Text]
  • Cummings JL Vascular subcortical dementias: clinical aspects. Dementia 1994;5:177-180.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sultzer DL, Levin HS, Mahler ME, et al. A comparison of psychiatric symptoms in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1806-1812.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Schneiber LS Treatment update in geriatric psychiatry. West J Med 1998;169:42-43.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Salaycik KJ, Kelly-Hayes M., Beiser A., et al. Depressive symptoms and risk of stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke 2007;38:16-21.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kuzuhara S., Yoshimura M. Clinical and neuropathological aspects of diffuse Lewy body disease in the elderly. Adv Neurol 1993;60:464-469.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lippa CF, Duda JE, Grossman M., et al. DLB and PDD boundary issues: diagnosis, treatment, molecular pathology, and bio-markers. Neurology 2007;68:812-819.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • McKeith IG, Galasko D., Kosaka K., et al. Consensus guidelines for the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): report of the consortium on DLB international workshop. Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Lewy F. Parlysis agitans. I. Pathologische anatomie. In: Lewandowsky M, ed. Handbook der neurology. Berlin, Germany: Springer; 1912:920-933.
  • Okazaki H., Lipkin LE, Aronson SM Diffuse intracytoplasmic ganglionic inclusions (Lewy type) associated with progressive dementia and quadriparesis in flexion. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1961;20:237-244.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • McKeith IG, Dickson DW, Lowe J., et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology 2005;65:1863-1872.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Barker WW, Luis CA, Kashuba A., et al. Relative frequencies of Alzheimer disease, Lewy body, vascular and frontotemporal dementia, and hippocampal sclerosis in the State of Florida Brain Bank. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2002;16:203-212.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Merdes AR, Hansen LA, Jeste DV, et al. Influence of Alzheimer pathology on clinical diagnostic accuracy in dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology 2003;60:1586-1590.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Hyman BT, Trojanowski JQ Consensus recommendations for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer disease from the National Institute on Aging and the Reagan Institute Working Group on diagnostic criteria for the neuropathological assessment of Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1997; 56:1095-1097.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Mirra SS, Heyman A., McKeel D., et al. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD): part II: standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1991;41:479-486.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Collerton D., Burn D., McKeith I., O'Brien J. Systematic review and meta-analysis show that dementia with Lewy bodies is a visual-perceptual and attentional-executive dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2003;16:229-237.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Calderon J., Perry RJ, Erzinclioglu SW, et al. Perception, attention, and working memory are disproportionately impaired in dementia with Lewy bodies compared with Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:157-164.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Forstl H., Burns A., Luthert P., et al. The Lewy-body variant of Alzheimer's disease: clinical and pathological findings. Br J Psychiatry 1993;162:385-392.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Lambon Ralph MA, Powell J., Howard D., et al. Semantic memory is impaired in both dementia with Lewy bodies and dementia of Alzheimer's type: a comparative neuropsychological study and literature review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:149-156.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Mori E., Shimomura T., Fujimori M., et al. Visuoperceptual impairment in dementia with Lewy bodies. Arch Neurol 2000; 57:489-493.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Mosimann UP, Mather G., Wesnes KA, et al. Visual perception in Parkinson disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology 2004;63:2091-2096.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Noe E., Marder K., Bell KL, et al. Comparison of dementia with Lewy bodies to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease with dementia. Mov Disord 2004;19:60-67.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Simard M., van Reekum R., Myran D. Visuospatial impairment in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease: a process analysis approach. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003;18: 387-391.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Aarsland D., Litvan I., Salmon D., et al. Performance on the dementia rating scale in Parkinson's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: comparison with progressive supranuclear palsy and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:1215-1220.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Ala TA, Hughes LF, Kyrouac GA, et al. Pentagon copying is more impaired in dementia with Lewy bodies than in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:483-488.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Ballard CG, Ayre G., O'Brien J., et al. Simple standardised neuropsychological assessments aid in the differential diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1999;10: 104-108.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cahn-Weiner DA, Williams K., Grace J., et al. Discrimination of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease using the clock drawing test. Cogn Behav Neurol 2003;16:85-92.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cormack F., Aarsland D., Ballard C., Tovee MJ Pentagon drawing and neuropsychological performance in Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004;19:371-377.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Crowell TA, Luis CA, Cox DE, Mullan M. Neuropsychological comparison of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007;23:120-125.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Smith GE, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder and dementia: cognitive differences when compared with AD. Neurology 1999;52:951-957.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Stavitsky K., Brickman AM, Scarmeas N., et al. The progression of cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and functional abilities in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2006;63:1450-1456.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Tiraboschi P., Salmon DP, Hansen LA, et al. What best differentiates Lewy body from Alzheimer's disease in early-stage dementia? Brain 2006;129:729-735.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Smith GE, et al. Dementia with Lewy bodies may present as dementia and REM sleep behavior disorder without parkinsonism or hallucinations. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2002;8:907-914.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ferman TJ, Smith GE, Boeve BF, et al. Neuropsychological differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. Clin Neuropsychol 2006;20:623-636.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Johnson DK, Morris JC, Galvin JE Verbal and visuospatial deficits in dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology 2005;65: 1232-1238.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Salmon DP, Galasko D., Hansen LA, et al. Neuropsychological deficits associated with diffuse Lewy body disease. Brain Cogn 1996;31:148-165.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Guidi M., Paciaroni L., Paolini S., et al. Differences and similarities in the neuropsychological profile of dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease in the early stage. J Neurol Sci 2006;248:120-123.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kraybill ML, Larson EB, Tsuang DW, et al. Cognitive differences in dementia patients with autopsy-verified AD, Lewy body pathology, or both. Neurology 2005;64:2069-2073.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Simard M., van Reekum R., Cohen T. A review of the cognitive and behavioral symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;12:425-450.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Ballard C., O'Brien J., Gray A., et al. Attention and fluctuating attention in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2001;58:977-982.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Ballard CG, Aarsland D., McKeith I., et al. Fluctuations in attention: PD dementia vs DLB with parkinsonism. Neurology 2002;59:1714-1720.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Bradshaw JM, Saling M., Anderson V., et al. Higher cortical deficits influence attentional processing in dementia with Lewy bodies, relative to patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type and controls. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77: 1129-1135.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Walker MP, Ayre GA, Cummings JL, et al. Quantifying fluctuation in dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Neurology 2000;54:1616-1625.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Reitan RM, Wolfson D. The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation. Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press; 1985.
  • Doubleday EK, Snowden JS, Varma AR, Neary D. Qualitative performance characteristics differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72:602-607.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Hamilton JM, Salmon DP, Galasko D., et al. A comparison of episodic memory deficits in neuropathologically-confirmed Dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2004;10:689-697.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Helmes E., Bowler JV, Merskey H., et al. Rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2003;15:67-71.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lopez OL, Hamilton RL, Becker JT, et al. Severity of cognitive impairment and the clinical diagnosis of AD with Lewy bodies. Neurology 2000;54:1780-1787.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Mormont E., Laurier-Grymonprez L., Baisset-Mouly C., Pasquier F. The profile of memory disturbance in early Lewy body dementia differs from that in Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2003;159:762-766.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rockwell E., Choure J., Galasko D., et al. Psychopathology at initial diagnosis in dementia with Lewy bodies versus Alzheimer disease: comparison of matched groups with autopsy-confirmed diagnoses. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15:819-823.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Aarsland D., Ballard C., Larsen JP, McKeith I. A comparative study of psychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with and without dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:528-536.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • McKhann GM, Albert MS, Grossman M., et al. Clinical and pathological diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia: report of the Work Group on Frontotemporal Dementia and Pick's Disease. Arch Neurol 2001;58:1803-1809.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Neary D., Snowden JS, Gustafson L., et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology 1998;51:1546-1554.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Rosen HJ, Gorno-Tempini ML, Goldman WP, et al. Patterns of brain atrophy in frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia. Neurology 2002;58:198-208.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Forman MS, Farmer J., Johnson JK, et al. Frontotemporal dementia: clinicopathological correlations. Ann Neurol 2006; 59:952-962.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Baker M., Mackenzie IR, Pickering-Brown SM, et al. Mutations in progranulin cause Tau-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17. Nature 2006;442:916-919.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cruts M., Gijselinck I., van der Zee J., et al. Null mutations in progranulin cause ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17q21. Nature 2006;442:920-924.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Foster NL, Wilhelmsen K., Sima AA, et al. Frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17: a consensus conference: conference participants. Ann Neurol 1997; 41:706-715.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Knibb JA, Xuereb JH, Patterson K., Hodges JR Clinical and pathological characterization of progressive aphasia. Ann Neurol 2006;59:156-165.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rossor MN, Revesz T., Lantos PL, Warrington EK Semantic dementia with ubiquitin-positive tau-negative inclusion bodies. Brain 2000;123(pt 2):267-276.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Snowden JS, Pickering-Brown SM, Mackenzie IR, et al. Progranulin gene mutations associated with frontotemporal dementia and progressive non-fluent aphasia. Brain 2006; 129:3091-3102.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Gustafson L. Clinical picture of frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type. Dementia 1993;4:143-148.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Blair M., Marczinski CA, Davis-Faroque N., Kertesz A. A longitudinal study of language decline in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2007;13: 237-245.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Gorno-Tempini ML, Dronkers NF, Rankin KP, et al. Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia. Ann Neurol 2004;55:335-346.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kertesz A., Davidson W., McCabe P., Munoz D. Behavioral quantitation is more sensitive than cognitive testing in frontotemporal dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2003;17:223-229.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hodges JR, Patterson K. Nonfluent progressive aphasia and semantic dementia: a comparative neuropsychological study. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1996;2:511-524.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rogers TT, Ivanoiu A., Patterson K., Hodges JR Semantic memory in Alzheimer's disease and the frontotemporal dementias: a longitudinal study of 236 patients. Neuropsychology 2006;20: 319-335.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kertesz A., Davidson W., McCabe P., et al. Primary progressive aphasia: diagnosis, varieties, evolution. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2003;9:710-719.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Diehl J., Monsch AU, Aebi C., et al. Frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and Alzheimer's disease: the contribution of standard neuropsychological tests to differential diagnosis. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2005;18:39-44.[Abstract]
  • Hodges JR, Patterson K., Ward R., et al. The differentiation of semantic dementia and frontal lobe dementia (temporal and frontal variants of frontotemporal dementia) from early Alzheimer's disease: a comparative neuropsychological study. Neuropsychology 1999;13:31-40.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kramer JH, Jurik J., Sha SJ, et al. Distinctive neuropsychological patterns in frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and Alzheimer disease. Cogn Behav Neurol 2003;16:211-218.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Libon DJ, Xie SX, Moore P., et al. Patterns of neuropsychological impairment in frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 2007;68: 369-375.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Rascovsky K., Salmon DP, Hansen LA, et al. Disparate letter and semantic category fluency deficits in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2007;21:20-30.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Razani J., Boone KB, Miller BL, et al. Neuropsychological performance of right- and left-frontotemporal dementia compared to Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2001;7:468-480.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rosen HJ, Narvaez JM, Hallam B., et al. Neuropsychological and functional measures of severity in Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia, and semantic dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2004;18:202-207.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Pasquier F., Grymonprez L., Lebert F., Van der Linden M. Memory impairment differs in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurocase 2001;7:161-171.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Starkstein SE, Migliorelli R., Teson A., et al. Specificity of changes in cerebral blood flow in patients with frontal lobe dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:790-796.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Thompson JC, Stopford CL, Snowden JS, Neary D. Qualitative neuropsychological performance characteristics in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76:920-927.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Cappa SF, Binetti G., Pezzini A., et al. Object and action naming in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 1998;50:351-355.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Silveri MC, Salvigni BL, Cappa A., et al. Impairment of verb processing in frontal variant-frontotemporal dementia: a dysexecutive symptom. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2003;16:296-300.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cotelli M., Borroni B., Manenti R., et al. Action and object naming in frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. Neuropsychology 2006; 20:558-565.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rhee J., Antiquena P., Grossman M. Verb comprehension in frontotemporal degeneration: the role of grammatical, semantic and executive components. Neurocase 2001;7:173-184.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Diehl J., Kurz A. Frontotemporal dementia: patient characteristics, cognition, and behaviour. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002; 17:914-918.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Pachana NA, Boone KB, Miller BL, et al. Comparison of neuropsychological functioning in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1996;2: 505-510.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Perri R., Koch G., Carlesimo GA, et al. Alzheimer's disease and frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia: a very brief battery for cognitive and behavioural distinction. J Neurol 2005; 252:1238-1244.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rascovsky K., Salmon DP, Ho GJ, et al. Cognitive profiles differ in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal dementia and AD. Neurology 2002;58:1801-1808.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Wicklund AH, Johnson N., Weintraub S. Preservation of reasoning in primary progressive aphasia: further differentiation from Alzheimer's disease and the behavioral presentation of frontotemporal dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2004;26: 347-355.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Monsch AU, Bondi MW, Butters N., et al. Comparisons of verbal fluency tasks in the detection of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1253-1258.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Mathuranath PS, Nestor PJ, Berrios GE, et al. A brief cognitive test battery to differentiate Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 2000;55:1613-1620.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Pasquier F., Lebert F., Grymonprez L., Petit H. Verbal fluency in dementia of frontal lobe type and dementia of Alzheimer type. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;58:81-84.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Thomas-Anterion C., Jacquin K., Laurent B. Differential mechanisms of impairment of remote memory in Alzheimer's and frontotemporal dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2000; 11:100-106.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Frisoni GB, Pizzolato G., Geroldi C., et al. Dementia of the frontal type: neuropsychological and [99Tc]-HM-PAO SPET features. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1995;8:42-48.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lindau M., Almkvist O., Johansson SE, Wahlund LO Cognitive and behavioral differentiation of frontal lobe degeneration of the non-Alzheimer type and Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1998;9:205-213.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Liu W., Miller BL, Kramer JH, et al. Behavioral disorders in the frontal and temporal variants of frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 2004;62:742-748.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Varma AR, Snowden JS, Lloyd JJ, et al. Evaluation of the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria in the differentiation of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66:184-188.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Rahman S., Sahakian BJ, Hodges JR, et al. Specific cognitive deficits in mild frontal variant frontotemporal dementia. Brain 1999;122(pt 8):1469-1493.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Glosser G., Gallo JL, Clark CM, Grossman M. Memory encoding and retrieval in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2002;16:190-196.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Wicklund AH, Johnson N., Rademaker A., et al. Word list versus story memory in Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2006;20:86-92.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Forstl H., Besthorn C., Hentschel F., et al. Frontal lobe degeneration and Alzheimer's disease: a controlled study on clinical findings, volumetric brain changes and quantitative electroencephalography data. Dementia 1996;7:27-34.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Blair M., Kertesz A., McMonagle P., et al. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of clock drawing in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2006;12:159-165.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Binetti G., Locascio JJ, Corkin S., et al. Differences between Pick disease and Alzheimer disease in clinical appearance and rate of cognitive decline. Arch Neurol 2000;57:225-232.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kertesz A., Nadkarni N., Davidson W., Thomas AW The Frontal Behavioral Inventory in the differential diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2000;6:460-468.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Levy ML, Miller BL, Cummings JL, et al. Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementias. Behavioral distinctions. Arch Neurol 1996;53:687-690.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Miller BL, Ikonte C., Ponton M., et al. A study of the Lund-Manchester research criteria for frontotemporal dementia: clinical and single-photon emission CT correlations. Neurology 1997;48:937-942.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Snowden JS, Bathgate D., Varma A., et al. Distinct behavioural profiles in frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:323-332.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Barber R., Snowden JS, Craufurd D. Frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease: retrospective differentiation using information from informants. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59:61-70.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Mendez MF, Selwood A., Mastri AR, Frey WH II. Pick's disease versus Alzheimer's disease: a comparison of clinical characteristics. Neurology 1993;43:289-292.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Bozeat S., Gregory CA, Ralph MA, Hodges JR Which neuropsychiatric and behavioural features distinguish frontal and temporal variants of frontotemporal dementia from Alzheimer's disease? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;69:178-186.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Rosen HJ, Allison SC, Ogar JM, et al. Behavioral features in semantic dementia vs other forms of progressive aphasias. Neurology 2006;67:1752-1756.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, Vol. 20, No. 4, 227-238 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0891988707308806
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 FocusHome page
T. W. Meeks, N. Lanouette, I. Vahia, S. Dawes, D. V. Jeste, and B. Lebowitz
Psychiatric Assessment and Diagnosis in Older Adults
Focus, January 1, 2009; 7(1): 3 - 16.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Levy, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Chelune, G. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Levy, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Chelune, G. J.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
Medline Plus Health Information
*Alzheimer's Disease
*Degenerative Nerve Diseases
*Dementia
*Mental Health
*Genetics Home Reference
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Advertisement